Evidence-Based Practice Paper and Intervention Presentation on Essay

Evidence-Based Practice Paper and Intervention Presentation on Diabetes (Benchmark Assessment) - Essay Example Primarily, DM diagnosis relies on the measurement of plasma glucose levels. This diagnostic mode is effective in detecting diabetics and pre-diabetics, but it does not offer a clear mode of assessing resultant complications, which often start in the vascular system. The diagnosis therefore, only tests tolerance to glucose, and not the associated risks such as the vascular risks (Pavri, 2001). The further assessment of risk may be necessary in monitoring the condition and administration of treatment, but it has not been available. However, a recent research by Zampetaki and others has led to the discovery of biomarkers that can be used in diagnosing and monitoring type II diabetes and its associated risk (Zampetaki et al., 2010). Description of Diagnostic Tool The new diagnostic tool uses microarray screening and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) processes to monitor MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which have been positively associated with the development of the condition and its progres sion. This new tool offers significant prognostic ability to predict and monitor type II DM. The miRNAs are small group of RNAs not involved in coding. They instead work as repressors in translation (Zampetaki et al., 2010). The miRNAs bind to complementing sites by base pairing on untranslated portions of the target mRNA. They are responsible for directing repression or degradation of the transcripts. Research has shown that miRNAs influence stress responses, oncogenesis, development and angiogenesis. They also play a significant role in endothelial cell functioning as well as the regulation of angiogenic potential and inflammations. The study found that miRNAs change prior to the start of type II DM (Zampetaki et al., 2010). The changes were narrowed to miRNA-126, which was found to profoundly change with type II DM (Larkin, 2010). This provided proof for a plasma Micro-RNA signature for patients with type II DM, thus suggesting a possible prognostic value in monitoring and diagno sing DM (Zampetaki et al., 2010). Summary of Research The study on miRNAs and DM was part of a wider Italy-based Bruneck Research on various conditions including cardiovascular diseases. The study was initiated in 1990 by â€Å"King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre (Larkin, 2010).† The researchers sampled and measured miRNAs from a total of 822 participants. Some of the participants had type II DM, whereas; others were controls. The measurements were conducted in five phases on an annual basis from 1990 to 2005. The use of microarray screening and real-time PCR identified 700 miRNAs. The researchers then used miRNA relevance network inference technique to understand the miRNAs regulatory networks. The technique revealed changes in the levels of some five miRNAs prior to the start of type II DM. Notably, miRNA-126 was found to show a consistent decline, which was correlated to the incidence and prevalence of type II DM (Zampetaki et al., 2010). The fact that miRNA-126 is significant in wound repair and vessel health implies that its decline is an indicator of vascular risk levels associated with DM. miRNA-126 is rich in normally functioning endothelial cells and its decline associated with DM may be an indicator of the progression of deterioration caused by DM, which increases vascular risk (Zampetaki et al., 2010). As such, miRNA can be a significant prognostic tool in monitoring DM and associated risks (Larkin, 2010). The study

Explore Dickens presentation of education in Hard Times Essay Example for Free

Explore Dickens presentation of education in Hard Times Essay Explore Dickens’ presentation of education in Hard Times and comment on how this reflects a Dickensian vision of Utilitarianism Dickens’ presents The Victorian education system in ‘Hard Times’ in a fundamentally negative way, Dickens’ expresses the idea that having an imaginative aspect to our education is essential. He does this through satirising the education system and mocking the characters. Throughout the novel, it is a purpose of Dickens being satirical towards the education system. Dickens opens the novel with a satirical description of Thomas Gradgrind and his utilitarian educational methods as he teaches the room full of students â€Å"Facts alone are wanted in life† (9) Dickens satirises Gradgrind’s commitment to an education comprised only of facts as Gradgrind exaggerates that facts are the only essential thing in life. â€Å"Fancy† (14) symbolises imagination and wonder compared to facts. Dickens emphasise â€Å"Fact† more than he does with â€Å"Fancy† he does this by repeating â€Å"fact† itself, sounds more forceful. Gradgrinds view on education is his children are to never imagine or wonder. Gradgrind rejects the concept of fancy or imagination; ‘fancy’ has nothing to contribute to understanding; only things that can be measured are important. Gradgrind’s disapproving rant on fancy â€Å"You don’t walk upon flowers in fact† (14) to the students underlines that fancy is bad and it should be â€Å"facts! † (14) In his satirical description of Gradgrind, Dickens’ aim is of what he experienced in the industrial England during his time when education varied vastly, according to location, gender, and class, meaning that Dickens view on Utilitarianism is shown in a satirical way, and his beliefs stood out throughout the novel, this indicates how the education system was controlled. Dickens uses characters’ names to continue his satire of the utilitarian education system prevalent in Victorian Britain. Mr Gradgrind breaks into the word â€Å"Grind† as a means to crush, signifying his method of grinding down the students’ individuality and any imagination they may have entered the school with. Mr M’Choakumchild, breaks into â€Å"me, choke, child† Dickens’ exaggerates with the name as we don’t think the new teacher is literally choking the children in his care, that this Fact-obsessed creature will only choke imagination and feelings out of them. â€Å"If he had only learnt a little less, how infinitely better be he might have taught much more! † (15) This highlights that the utilitarianism system would function much better, if it were not so strung on facts. If Mr. M’Choakumchild had learnt less and been practically involved with his students more and would have taught far better. This is criticizing the way the system works. Dickens is suggesting that in the utilitarianism system, suggesting that ramming facts into students might not be the most effective way of teaching them. Not everything can be reduced to facts alone. Mr Gradgrind and Mr Bounderby are the main representations of utilitarianism and followers of the system. In Louisa’s proposed marriage to Bounderby, Dickens shows us a disastrous consequence of Gradgrind’s system that denied everything but facts. â€Å"You have been accustomed to consider every other question, simply as one of tangible Fact† (97) This illustrates that Gradgrind, who is incapable of expressing his emotions effectively toward Louisa, edges her into a marriage with Bounderby by stating various facts and statistics to her. Louisa is hesitant to communicate her feelings towards him â€Å"she returned, without any visible emotion† (96) David Lodge’s ‘How Successful Was Hard Times? ’ (1981) argues that Gradgrind’s ideology in his system is questionable, Lodge explains that it is a â€Å"primary index of what is wrong with his system† Mr Bounderby is also a character with utilitarian beliefs, doubtlessly one of the major characters that has a firm belief in the system, â€Å"you may force him to swallow boiling fat, but you shall never suppress force him to suppress the facts of his life† (23) He signifies the very essence of his ruthless principles that only has room for facts and statistics. ‘Hard Times’ outlines that a utilitarian approach to life is unsuccessful and costs those who follow their imaginations become robotic and inadequate to the system. Imagination and heart is found in the circus where Mr Bounderby and Mr Gradgrind despise â€Å"No young people have circus masters or attend circus lectures about circuses† (23) Gradgrind implies that circuses are not like a practical schoolroom. Dickens represents Sissy Jupe as an influential character of the novel who presents the value of a warm heart and embodies feelings and emotions. She is seen as a complete failure of Gradgrind’s system. However Dickens and the reader judge her as a success. The young innocent girl mocked by the teacher and presented as the dumb girl in the start of the novel, gradually turns out to be the most key character in the whole novel. Since the foundational significance of fact and the removal of fancy that Gradgrinds education obliges, Sissy Jupe will never succeed. Nevertheless, in spite of the education, Sissy becomes a young woman who is able to maintain her own principles and beliefs. The contrasting descriptions of Sissy and Bitzer are shown in their appearance. For example Sissy is described as radiant and warm â€Å"dark eyed and dark haired† (11) referring to her as someone who is the face of vitality. However Bitzer is portrayed as â€Å"what little colour he ever possessed† (11) and â€Å"His cold eyes would hardly have been eyes† (11)) Demonstrating that he is cold and emotionless with no heart and all calculation. Dickens uses Bitzer to demonstrate that other students are influenced by him, showing that he is a follower of Gradgrind’s system, whereas Sissy is the foreigner to the system. The Utilitarian education system relates to the industrial town ‘Coketown’ which consists of factories and â€Å"large streets like one another people equally like one another† (27) The town is linked to a â€Å"painted face of a savage† (27) that is described as barbaric and uncultured, the children are being deprived from the â€Å"ill-smelling dye† (27) Dickens suggests the society that the children/workers are living in is unsanitary â€Å"Jail† (28) indicating that they have no escape from their problems. The utilitarian system stamps out all imagination in the pupils and prepares them perfectly for the life of drudgery. Dickens describes as their lot as ‘hands’ in Coketown’s factories. Education presented in Hard Times is shown as satirical in Dickensian vision of Utilitarianism. This is because Dickens is able to create a fool out of the system cunningly. Furthermore it is certain that what Dickens has presented is humorous and convincing with making the utilitarian ideology seem absurd through the novel. I find David Lodge’s argument towards Dickens opinion as liberal and potent.

Language of Love in Shakespeares As You Like It Essay -- Shakespeare

As You Like It is love:   The Language of Love  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The most obvious concern of As You Like It is love, and particularly the attitudes and the language appropriate to young romantic love. This is obvious from the relationships between Orlando and Rosalind, Silvius and Phoebe, Touchstone and Audrey, and Celia and Oliver. The action of the play moves back and forth among these couples, inviting us to compare the different styles and to recognize from those comparisons some important facts about young love. Here the role of Rosalind is decisive. Rosalind is Shakespeare's greatest and most vibrant comic female role. She is clearly the only character in the play who has throughout an intelligent, erotic, and fully anchored sense of love, and it becomes her task in the play to try to educate others out of their false notions of love, especially those notions which suggest that the real business of love is adopting an inflated Petrarchan language and the appropriate attitude that goes with it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Rosalind falls in love with Orlando at first sight (as is standard in Shakespeare), becomes erotically energized, and remains so throughout the play. She's delighted and excited by the experience and is determined to live it to the full moment by moment. One of the great pleasures of watching Rosalind is that she is always celebrating her passionate feelings for Orlando. She does not deny them or try to play games with her emotions. She's aware that falling in love has made her subject to Celia's gentle mockery, but she's not going to pretend that she isn't totally thrilled by the experience just to spare herself being laughed at (she even laughs at herself, while taking enormous delight in the behaviour which prompts... ...anet Lloyd. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1993. McFarland, Thomas. Shakespeare's Pastoral Comedy. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1972. Marsden, Jean. I. The Re-Imagined Text: Shakespeare, Adaptation, and Eighteenth-Century Literary Theory. Lexington, Kentucky: University of Kentucky Press, 1995. Odell, George C. D. Shakespeare from Betterton to Irving. Vol. 2 New York: Dover Publications, 1966. Russell, Anne E. "History and Real Life: Anna Jameson, Shakespeare's Heroines and Victorian Women." Victorian Review: The Journal of the Victorian Studies Association of Western Canada. 17.2 (Winter 1991): 35-49. Shakespeare, William. As You Like It. in The Riverside Shakespeare. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin company, 1974. Terry, Ellen. Four Lectures on Shakespeare. New York: Benjamin Bloom, Inc., 1969.      

Proposal Essay – Organ Selling

While walking down a city street, alarming cries for help ring out through the air, and it is observed that an individual that appears to be living well has a helpless, poor victim held down, relentlessly beating them to the ground and taking what little they have left for their own advantage and benefit. What would be the right thing to do; run away or try to help, either by stepping in or calling the proper authorities? The morally ethical thing to do would be to help and do what has to be done to stand up for what is right.This same general scenario is happening not too far from this country, where organ brokers are victimizing innocent and poverty-stricken mothers and fathers trying to find a way to provide and get out of debt, by either forcing or deceiving them to give up an organ or cheating them whether formally or informally, after they agree to sell, by either not paying them for their organ at all or only paying a fraction of the promised price (Glaser, S.,2005).But the wa y that nobody tries to help is the same as walking by that same victim that is being beaten on the street. These poor victimized sellers that are turning to that option, unfortunately are completely ignorant to and uneducated on the process, certain organs in their bodies, or any of the functions or importance of those organs which leaves them wide open to exploitation.Therefore, my proposal is to find a way to stop these horrible things from happening to the potential and desperate sellers, by educating them, giving them other means that help both those who are seeking financial gain by selling, and those who desperately are seeking an organ to survive, and eliminating them from the black market organ brokers’ manipulation and exploitative grasp. It is respectfully understood that the World Health Organization (WHO) is strongly against any payment for any type of organ donation for a number of moral, ethical, and medical reasons (Denneman, L., Mol, M. 2009).For instance, as stated in the WHO’s Guiding Principles on Human Organ Transplantation (1991), â€Å"organ trafficking violates fundamental human rights, such as rights to life, liberty, security in person and freedom from cruel and inhumane treatment†(Glaser, S. 2005). Furthermore, it may be a risk to the public in addition to being a crime that, in this particular case, proves to be a conspicuously offensive violation of human rights, because the forcing and misleading of someone into selling their body parts violates their personal independence (Glaser, S.2005).Moreover, safety standards in these areas are severely undermined due to the lack of resources, weak medical regulatory foundation, and corruption; therefore, if there were to be a legalized method of organ buying and selling, the regulatory structures and system would be ineffectively executed (Denneman, L. , Mol, M. 2009). So, one can empathetically concur with the WHO’s decision to stand firm on the banning.Anthropo logist, Monir Moniruzzaman, found 33 sellers who went to organ brokers to sell their kidneys, not even knowing what the word â€Å"kidney† meant nor what its purpose and functions in the body were, and were talked into doing it because of the misleading, false information they received of their â€Å"sleeping kidney† and the 100% safe procedure that had no risks and would cause no long-term harm or damage to them; then were promised over two thirds more than they actually received (Moniruzzaman, M.2012).These people, who lived on only $2 per day to provide for a family and lived in the worst imaginable impoverished conditions, some in a crawl space located under someone else’s house (Bienstock, R. E. 2013). They see thousands of luring ads in local newspapers, promising them the world, and out of fear, hope, and desperation reach out to the organ brokers and get sucked into consenting and at times physically forced to donate (Parry, W. 2012).If there were a stri ctly regulated legal system with fixed prices that these desperately poverty-stricken people can go to ask questions, get true, accurate answers and information, and completely and independently decide to sell. This may be the solution to wipe out these brokers of the black market because if they have no one to prey on they will not have a choice but to find other means of income besides taking a large portion of the sellers’ payments for â€Å"hidden fees† (Resnick, B.2012).Since the WHO is not, in any way, going to lift the ban, and one of the most efficient ways to increase the supply of available organs for the thousands of people on organ waiting lists is to make some form of donation and selling legal, other options must be sought-after. By combining two opposing  viewpoints it is possible for a whole new approach to this rapidly growing problem to transpire, for there may be more agreeable aspects than what meets the eye. Though there are areas of disagreement , it is agreed upon that exploiting the poor and manipulating and/or forcing them to sell their organs at the expense of their health physically and psychologically, and social stance as well as the sellers families also.Instead of going against beliefs of any party by lifting the ban or just pretending that this does not occur on a daily basis or ignore it entirely, not trying to help, it may be possible to educate these poor and desperate people, crack down on busting these organ brokers, and even getting the doctors involved in the protection and prevention of the innocent victims that this vicious system continues to claim. The ethical and moral urgency to protect these people’s rights, freedom, health, and autonomy is equally important, so it should be the main focal point for a new elimination program.This could consist of passing and strictly and harshly enforcing laws against such crimes related to illegal trafficking, and in the process organize public education camp aigns to get the proper and accurate information out to the victims and potential sellers so these brokers that do not get caught are unable to scam and force them to sell out of ignorance (Glaser, S. 2005). These awareness programs and information centers could then, in turn, create some jobs and give those living in drastic poverty some form of income.These developments will require total cooperation and collaboration from both he3alth officials and law enforcement officials equally (Halstead, B. , Wilson, P. 1991). One way would be to pass the law imposing mandatory reporting requirements for doctors who suspect that the organs were obtained using the black market. Currently, transplant doctors work on a â€Å"don’t ask, don’t tell† regimen, which is fueling the brokers to continue luring in more sellers.Since it is the brokers who are the main culprits, it should be them, not doctors, that are pursued, convicted, and be given a more severe punishment (Glaser , S. 2005). In addition to stopping the organ brokers there are a number of other methods that can be carried out to develop an increasing supply of organs, such as promoting consent to cadaver donations upon death, altruistic donations, biotechnology, and/or using tissues and stem cells from aborted fetuses to create the needed organs (Holstead, B. , Wilson,P. 1991).There are a number of options presented and if it is not possible to legalize the sale of organs, completely dissipate the black market, or stop people from using the black market out of desperation for either money or the needed organ, then the way the people are misinformed, uneducated, and exploited, blindly consenting by way of violence and/or manipulation needs to be promptly addressed by carefully and thoughtfully considering getting the knowledge, law enforcement, strict punishments, and health officials help out and start standing up for the innocent victims.Just as one would help if he saw a victim lying in fro nt of him, beaten and bloody in the street, it would be imperative and morally right to lend a helping hand.

To what extent was Lenin crucial to the Bolshevik

To what extent was Lenin crucial to the Bolshevik seizure of power in October 1917? On 24th October 1917 the Lenin and the Bolsheviks led a revolution in Russia. The Bolshevik Red Guards led a revolution against the Provisional Government by seizing control of stations, telephone exchanges, post offices, the national bank and the Winter Palace in Petrograd. Now Lenin set about creating the world's first communist state. Although he was a strong influence, he was not solely responsible for the outbreak of revolution.There are other important causes of the Bolshevik seizure of ower, such as the weakness of the Provisional government and Kerenskys mistakes. Also other important factor was the actions of Trotsky and the timing and luck of the Bolsheviks. However, Lenin was, toa large extent, crucial to the Bolshevik seizure of power because he presented his April thesis, which gave the people of Russia an awakening to the communist aim. Lenin was important to the Bolshevik seizure of pow er as he was able to manipulate public opinion using slogans and propaganda.This was also shown early in the year, before Lenin's return to Russia from Switzerland. The Bolsheviks in Russia had printed in ‘Pravda' (their newspaper) that their members and followers should support the Provisional Government, and also that they had given serious thought to the idea of combining with the Mensheviks. This was all very contrary to what Lenin wrote in his ‘April Theses' which clearly laid out his views and beliefs on the subject. A key point of his ‘April Theses' was â€Å"No Support for the Provisional Government†, yet without him his party were proposing just that.Lenin as an individual was able to force the Bolsheviks to follow his beliefs nd goals and without him they may never have chosen this course of action at all. Through his April thesis, particularly the slogans â€Å"Peace, Bread, Land† and â€Å"All Power to the Soviets†, he was able to h arness the support of the Russian people. These slogans appealed to the majority, the peasants and the workers. The support of the people was an extremely important factor, as this is the support which determined that there would be little resistance to the Bolshevik revolution.This shows Lenin's importance in the occurrence of the October Revolution. Lenin's character as an individual was a vital reason to the success of the Bolsheviks. Prior to the February Revolution, the Bolshevik party was not the most powerful. Lenin was strong, determined and dedicated to the revolution. His speeches were inspiring. The â€Å"April Theses† forced through key policy decisions. Lenin rewrote Marx's ideas, he believed the Bourgeois revolution can be followed immediately by a socialist revolution. Which was different to the Bolshevik views but after he presented his ideas he won over the Bolsheviks.Lenin's leadership, and his usage and manipulation of events taking place in Russia after hi s return, facilitated their ability to seize control. The failure of the Provisional government was also a key reason why the Bolsheviks seized power in October 1917. In February, the constitutional monarchy reluctantly granted in 1905 by the Tsar collapsed following riots over food shortages and the continuing slaughter of Russian soldiers in the World War l. Tsar Nicholas II was forced to abdicate and a provisional government came into power I . existed to till the void ot ower in the chaos of rioting and the Bolsheviks did not accept any part in it. Disassociating himself and the party from the Provisional Government was to prove a wise decision by Lenin. Despite early acceptance of the Provisional Government by the people, it soon lost popularity in the face of Russia's continuing presence in the war and loss of life. They also became unpopular when took the peasants land This made Russia a fertile ground for Bolshevik revolutionary ideas. The Bolsheviks came to power at an espe cially volatile time in Russian history – the ProvisionalGovernment was weak-willed, disorganized, and ripe for Bolshevik insurrection. Kerenskys mistakes, as a leading member of the Provisional Government, were also a important reason in the Bolsheviks seizure of power. He served as Minister of War under Prince Lvov before becoming leader of the Provisional Government in July 1917. Kerensky, as a Menshevik, was a moderate socialist who saw a need to work with the Liberals in order to bring about change. He was a superb speaker but he struggled to remain in control of events during the summer of 1917: the June offensive.His attempt to revitalise the Russian army against Germany failed and the confusion caused by his role in the Kornilov Affair greatly undermined his position. General Lavr Kornilov replaced the commander-in-chief, Brusilov, after the failed June Offensive. A myth that was present in 1917 was that Kornilov planned a coup d' ©tat against the provisional govern ment. When Kornilov ordered troops into Petrograd, not on the bases of this myth but as he was concerned of a left-wing radical plot against the government, Kerensky panicked fearing a military takeover.Kerensky arrested Kornilov, who was innocent and loyal, and armed groups of workers, many Bolsheviks. This was a vital for the Bolsheviks, and their future success in seizing power, because they are now seen as defenders and their numbers increased. They were also still armed from the Kornilov affair. Kerensky and the Provisional government were now completely undermined. Trotsky and the timing of the uprising are also a key reason by the Bolsheviks were able to seize power in October 1917. The Bolsheviks claimed they were acting on behalf of the Soviet who were in oalition with the Provisional government.Although Kerensky was aware the Bolsheviks were planning some kind of takeover, he did not take any pivotal action. The takeover was organised and almost bloodless. The planning of the takeover was the responsibility of Trotsky, a leading Social democrat who had Joined the Bolsheviks in May. This was a plan of Lenin's, as he hoped it would hide the Bolshevik involvement. The planning was handed over to the military revolutionary committee of the Petrograd Soviet, who Trotsky was chairman. Trotsky was responsible for the akeover being carried out smoothly and efficiently.Trotsky played an important role in organising the Bolshevik seizure of power. In conclusion, toa large extent Lenin was crucial to the Bolshevik seizure of power in October 1917. Lenin was a brilliant leader – a professional revolutionary who was ruthless, a brilliant speaker, a good planner with ONE aim: to overthrow the government. The Bolsheviks were well-led. Lenin used both the war and the failure of the Provisional government to his advantage by saying how he would stop the war and take over from the ProvisionalGovernment who didn't seem to be listening to the people. His strong p ersonality and ty to communicate well witn the people gave the Bolsheviks many supporters in the revolution and so ultimately gave them the upper hand against the Provisional Government. Lenin changed the Marx theory, by skipping capitalism – Marxist Leninism, therefore Communism was now seen as conceivable. The Bolshevik party was the only party that opposed the Provisional government, as the provisional government was unpopular, the Bolsheviks once again gained a lot of support.

Tricky Cases of Subject-Verb Agreement

Tricky Cases of Subject-Verb Agreement In the present tense, a verb must agree in number with its subject. Thats the basic principle of subject-verb agreement. Its a simple enough rule, but on certain occasions even experienced writers can slip up on it. Lets have a look at three of the trickier cases of subject-verb agreement: Making subject and verb agree when words come between themReaching agreement when the subject is an indefinite pronounMaking the verbs have, do, and be agree with their subjects CASE #1: Making Subject and Verb Agree When Words Come Between Them In determining subject-verb agreement, dont let yourself be confused by words that come between the subject and the verb. Lets compare these two sentences: This box belongs in the attic.This box of ornaments belongs in the attic. In both sentences, the verb belongs agrees with its subject, box. Dont let the prepositional phrase in the second sentence fool you into thinking that ornaments is the subject. Its  simply the object of the preposition of and does not affect the agreement of subject and verb. Prepositional phrases (as well as adjective clauses, appositives, and participle phrases) often come between a subject and a verb. So to make sure that a verb agrees with its subject and not with a word in the phrase or clause, mentally cross out the interrupting group of words: One (of my sisters friends) is a pilot.The people (who survived the explosion) are in a shelter.A man (chasing unicorns) is on the terrace. Remember, then, that the subject is not always the noun closest to the verb. Rather, the subject is the noun (or pronoun) that names what the sentence is about, and it may be separated by several words from the verb. CASE #2: Reaching Agreement When the Subject Is an Indefinite Pronoun Remember to add an -s to the end of the verb in the present tense if the subject is one of the indefinite pronouns listed below: one (anyone, everyone, no one, someone)anybody (everybody, somebody, nobody)anything (everything, something, nothing)each, either, neither As a general rule, treat these words as third-person singular pronouns (he, she, it). In the following sentences, each subject is an indefinite pronoun and each verb ends in -s: Nobody claims to be perfect.Everybody plays the fool sometimes.Each of the divers has an oxygen tank. In that last sentence, note that has agrees with the subject each, not with divers (the object of the preposition). CASE #3: Making Have, Do, and Be Agree With Their Subjects Although all verbs follow the same principle of agreement, certain verbs seem to be a little more troublesome than others. In particular, many agreement errors result from the misuse of the common verbs have, do, and be. We need to remember that the verb have appears as has if the subject is a singular noun or a third-person singular pronoun (he, she, it): Dana Barrett has ghosts in her bedroom. If the subject is a plural noun or the pronoun I, you, we, or they, use have: The Ghostbusters have a new client. In a nutshell, She has, but They have. Similarly, the verb do appears as does if the subject is a singular noun or, once again, a third-person singular pronoun (he, she, it): Gus does the housework. If the subject is a plural noun or the pronoun I, you, we, or they, use do: Gus and Martha  do the chores together. Are you beginning to see a pattern here? Then lets mix it up just a little bit. The verb be has three forms in the present tense: is, am, are. Use is if the subject is a singular noun or a third-person singular pronoun (he, she, it): Dr. Venkman is unhappy. Use am if the subject is the first-person singular pronoun (I): I am not the person you think I am. Finally, if the subject is a plural noun or the pronoun you, we, or they, use are: The fans are in the stands, and we are ready to play. Now, lets take one more look at these three verbs- -but from a different angle. Sometimes a subject may follow (rather than precede) a form of the verb have, do, and be. As shown in the sentences below, this reversal of the usual order occurs in questions that require a helping verb: Where has Egon parked the car?What do you do in your free time?Are we having a test today? In all of these sentences, the present forms of have, do, and be serve as helping verbs  and appear in front of their subjects. Another case in which a form of the verb be comes before the subject is in sentences beginning with the words there or here: There is a unicorn in the garden.Here are the photocopies. Just keep in mind that no matter where a verb appears in a sentence, it must still agree with its subject.

Negative Effects of Marijuana Use

Negative Effects of Marijuana Use Free Online Research Papers Cannabis, also known as marijuana, ganja, hemp, hash, or just plain weed, is not just the harmless relaxing drug that the public likes to think it is. Regular or even infrequent marijuana smokers can suffer from a list of both long and short term health problems, many social issues and legal consequences; not to mention the bad effects it has on your body while â€Å"high.† There is a substance in the cannabis plant called THC which is what affects your brain when smoking weed, and is the main chemical in marijuana. Since marijuana has not only THC but also CBD it cannot be classified as just a stimulant, depressant, or hallucinogen, however, THC is the main ingredient so it leans more toward a hallucinogen. Smoking marijuana regularly or even just at a party every now and then is not only wrong and illegal, but also dangerous to one’s body, mind, and life in the long run. Marijuana is a drug that alters one’s mind and body, which is why it is an illegal drug. While under the effects of smoking or eating marijuana, also known as being â€Å"high,† the user’s reaction time is slowed and there are many effects on imagination and perception. These things are what make it dangerous to drive a vehicle, operate machinery, and otherwise be a part of society while using marijuana. Marijuana not only affects the mind but also the body. When smoking marijuana the user’s heart rate is increased, the blood pressure is lowered, and the concentration is impaired. Also, the memory is faulty when smoking marijuana. Several studies have discovered that there are long-term effects related to marijuana smoking. These effects include psychosis, anxiety, and depression, along with some cases of stroke-though no firm connection has been made. Firm connection or not, there is still a large risk one takes when using marijuana whether or no t it is regular activity. Aside from the physical and health issues, there are multiple legal consequences that one may suffer if caught with marijuana here in the U.S. For first-offense penalties for marijuana trafficking of 100 to 999 kg, one can serve not less than 5 years and not more than 40; if death or serious injury are involved then the penalty is not less than 20 years and no more than life. For the second offense, you get not less than 20 years and not more than life, and if serious injury or death are involved it is a mandatory life sentence. The penalties for the trafficking or cultivation of marijuana can be quite steep, especially if there are other offenses to tack on to it. Possession laws are not as bad, but can be if one is in possession of so much marijuana that trafficking is obvious. The trafficking of marijuana is getting out of hand which is why the DEA is cracking down on traffickers. Marijuana drug seizures have gone from 491,831 kilograms in 1986 to 660, 969 kilograms in 2008 (DEA STRIDE). Due to the rise in American use of marijuana, penalties in most states are more actively enforced and with any luck they will be able to put an end to the rampant drug use in the future. Along with the physical and legal consequences of marijuana smoking there is also the social aspect. Heavy marijuana smoking can cause multiple mind and social related problems. Some studies have shown that heavy marijuana use can cause depression and anxiety, but also it can impair your learning ability and cause you to fall behind socially. Also it can affect your ability to remember things or learn even for days after not smoking. There are also many effects on students who smoke. Studies show that those who do smoke are less likely to graduate and more likely to get lower grades compared to those who do not smoke. Regular user’s memory and ability to organize and register information will be worse even compared to those who smoke occasionally. Marijuana smoking regularly can also significantly affect one’s work performance. Workers who tested positive for marijuana use have had 55 percent more industrial accidents and 85 percent more injuries than non smoke rs (about.com). Thus, marijuana smoking both heavily and occasionally can affect the student, worker, and everyday person. In conclusion, marijuana smoking-no matter how occasional-will affect the smoker in many ways. Their intelligence, memory, and reflexes will be affected. Also they will have serious legal consequences to face if caught. Finally, their social life and status will be affected terribly as well. All of these reasons are why one should never smoke marijuana. Research Papers on Negative Effects of Marijuana UseUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationGenetic EngineeringCapital PunishmentRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceThe Masque of the Red Death Room meanings

10 Things You Should Never Say During An Exit Interview

10 Things You Should Never Say During An Exit Interview You’ve quit your job to move onto sunnier pastures. Or perhaps you’ve even been laid off. For whatever reason, if you’ve been called in for an exit interview, it’s best to be prepared. It’s a great opportunity to be honest about your experience at that company or in that position, and a great way to get honest feedback about your performance. And, while you may want to burn the place down on your way out the door, it’s important to keep things cordial and professional. You never know when you might run into this HR rep or that co-worker again. Take the high ground and refrain from burning any bridges.Here are 10 things you should never say before  your exit interview.1. â€Å"This place is ‘going downhill/a sinking ship/lost without me†If you’re really as invaluable and under-appreciated as you feel, they’ll notice the lack of you just fine on their own. Don’t  alienate anyone in the process. Avoid soundi ng egotistical or nihilistic. Keep it classy.2. â€Å"So-and-so was mean to me/did something bad/hates it here, too†Pointing fingers is just rude. So is getting a colleague, no matter how hated, into trouble. And outing someone for being miserable in a job is never a kindness. What if they can’t find a suitable substitute and are stuck there? You will have made their lives miserable for no reason.3. â€Å"SHOW ME THE MONEY!†Don’t make it about money. Don’t insinuate the company isn’t viable or solvent, or that you’re just a total mercenary out to make as much as you can with no sense of loyalty whatsoever. If you must cast your new job in a more favorable light, emphasize your need for more challenges and growth and thank them for the opportunities they’ve given you to learn.4. @%!$#You may feel like running naked through the office with both middle fingers pointed high and dropping f-bombs in your path as you depart, but pleas e curtail that urge. Stay professional, take the higher path, lead by example. The last thing you want is a reputation for being a loose-cannon lunatic in your industry. And believe me, word will get around if you fly off the handle.5. â€Å"Never, ever again.†You may know your limits. You may be 110% sure you’d never ever consider working there again. But it’s best to leave unsaid.6. â€Å"You could have made me stay, you know. If only you had†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Insert: â€Å"offered me more money,† â€Å"given me Karen’s office,† â€Å"bribed me.† There is nothing productive that can follow this. If they really wanted you to stay, they would have tried to make you a convincing offer. There’s no sense pointing out the obvious.7. â€Å"Nobody likes working here.†This is only marginally better than outing a particular colleague, but still not a wise choice. If management has no idea that everyone is miserable, then that is the ir problem. Nothing you do or say will make it any better. It might actually make it worse.8. â€Å"I really think you should have put in a snack machine.†Anything that makes a very specific point about equipment or physical office space is probably a waste of (both) your time. Keep it in the neighborhood of things that matter.9. â€Å"Hate†Even if you just want to mention that you hated a particularly vexing software system, don’t resort to using the word â€Å"hate.† It’s far too strong and makes you look weak and immature.10. â€Å"My boss was just awful.†This is probably the worst possible thing you can say in one of these situations. Even if it’s true and your boss was Machiavelli himself, stay classy and don’t let anyone accuse you of having a vendetta or a bias. There are ways to be honest about the working environment or impediments to your being able to faithfully execute your job without being vindictive.

Vmware assignment (virtual servers) Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Vmware (virtual servers) - Assignment Example Question 25: The best disaster recovery for VMware is by making use of back-up process on the servers and replication of virtual machines in the network. This can be best deployed using storage where NAS is deployed for VMs and Servers in the network (Muller 123). Question 26: vMotion works by encapsulating VMs on shared storage and then the enclustered VMs allow multiple installations on an ESX server. The memory and execution state of the VMs is transferred to high speed network. This is done by copying memory and system states of the ESX server. To allow identity of the VMs, networks used by the VMs are also virtualized by the ESX server (Wolf 84). This transfer (vMotion) takes very few seconds. Question 27: A snapshot presents a complete copy of a virtual machine at any time and all the changes made. While a clone is the exact copy of the virtual machine during the cloning process. Any changes made on the parent of the clone are not reflected in the clone. Therefore using snapshots provide better functionality than clones. Question 28: Fault Tolerance in VMware works through the use of a technique known as Record/Reply. This technique provides continuous availability to the virtual machine in case the host fails. This works whereby if a VM goes down it is restarted in another host and the secondary host now becomes the primary host while a secondary host is being looked for (Muller

The 4Ps of Marketing Used by Quiznos and Subway Research Paper

The 4Ps of Marketing Used by Quiznos and Subway - Research Paper Example Today, Subway has approximately 36,266 restaurants in 98 countries around the world (Subway, 2012a). Subway is a private company. Although the company does not give access to their current profits and revenues, the estimated annual sales of Subway restaurant was US$5 billion back in 2005 (Finance Investments, 2011). Quiznos was established back in 1978. Since then, the company managed to operate more than 4,000 stores throughout the United States aside from its stores in more than 40 countries and territories around the world (2010). Unlike Subway, Quiznos had to enter into a financial restructuring plan due to its inability to pay its debt (Bloomberg, 2011). As part of analyzing the differences in the marketing strategies used by these two companies, this report will apply the marketing mix or 4 Ps in the case of Quiznos and Subway. Differences in Marketing Mix or 4 P’s in the case of Quiznos and Subway With regards to product, the quality, and variety of food varies in the c ase of Quiznos and Subway. Even though both companies are able to offer a good taste of submarine sandwiches and salad, Subway is considered more competitive as compared to Quiznos in terms of its food variety. ... Â  In terms of pricing, the market prices of Subway’s food items are more reasonable as compared to Quiznos. In fact, it has been noted that the food prices of Quiznos are almost a dollar more expensive than Subway’s market prices. Despite the ability of Subway to offer more reasonable prices, the company also provides its valued customers with good ambiance, store cleanliness, and high-quality services in exchange for its food prices. The stores of both companies can be located in commercial areas like malls, offices, convenience stores, school vicinities, airports, truck stops, and military bases among others. This allows its target customers to have the convenience in locating both companies’ store outlets. However, the store designs of Quiznos and Subway are different in so many ways. In most cases, the store designs of Subway stores are more comparable to quasi-deli restaurants whereas Quiznos’ store designs are more suitable for casual deli restaura nts. This is the main reason why Subway is able to provide better store ambiance as compared to Quiznos. When it comes to promotion, both companies maintain their own official website where they can freely advertise their food products, news, promos, and franchising opportunities. Aside from YouTube, both companies are taking advantage of social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter.

Effects Overeating Has On Children Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Effects Overeating Has On Children - Essay Example Moreover, children who are prone to overeating at a young age can sustain the habit as adults. Aside from the physical consequences of overeating and its link to obesity, children face mental consequences such as low self-esteem, depression and can retard social skills. Essentially, overeating has the potential to effect children in three main ways by exposing children to an increased risk of developing obesity. In this regard, obesity puts children at risk of developing physical, mental and social problems, each of which have attendant long and short term effects. Obesity itself has both long and short term consequences. The long term consequences are associated with the physical effects of obesity. Those consequences are risk of serious health conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, hypertension and other serious health disorders. Each of these conditions have the capacity to follow the child into adulthood unless the child’s propensity for overeating is reversed and replaced by healthy eating and exercise habits at the earliest opportunity. In the overeating is not contained within a reasonable time, the habit of overeating and its attendant problem of obesity will likely follow the child into adulthood. As a result the physical conse quences of obesity as a result of overeating will be a long-term problem. The short term physical consequences of overeating in children are linked to acne, hair loss and additional cosmetic conditions that have consequences for the child’s self-esteem and social relationships and interactions. Obesity from overeating can affect the child’s mental health by perpetuating the risk of low self esteem. Low self-esteem also exposes the child to social problems. Therefore, the mental problems associated with overeating can remain with the child and affect the child’s ability to develop social skills. In the long term the lack of social skills can spill over into adulthood. Ultimately,

Biology - Prader-Willi Syndrome Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Biology - Prader-Willi Syndrome - Research Paper Example It was first described by Andrea Prader and Heinrich Willi in 1956. It is a rare genetic disorder in which seven genes or some subsets are deleted, translocated or unexpressed on the paternal chromosome 15. For the genes affected in PWS, the paternal copy is expressed while the maternal one is silenced. The PWS genes are maternally imprinted making the copy inherited from the father active. With this copy absent in PWS due to chromosomal translocation, both copies are imprinted in the maternal realm making the normal genes absent. Therefore people with PWS have a working and a non-working copy. The characteristics of PWS are stunted development in the intellectual functioning same as those associated with intellectual disability. A chronic feeling of hunger that can lead to excessive hunger and life –threatening obesity arises. Then there is a likelihood of strange behavior or complications that may have effect on ones quality life or on the family members negatively. These ch aracteristics draw the quest for scientific research because the genes which are not expressed and thought to be responsible for the disorder are imprinted. PWS is an example that shows the function of imprinted genes in development. This knowledge has led to extensive research about imprinted genes, their occurrence and process of imprinting. There are two different genotypes for PWS which ultimately lead to two phenotypes, causing the need to understand the causes of the phenotypic differences, identifying the gene and their products and discern whether they are imprinted or no (Butler 12). However, the effects of the syndrome vary from individual to individual and on different factors. This has made the exact nature of the abnormality and whether one or more genes are involved to be unknown. Some physical and behavioral features are inherently present while others are not. The syndrome poses major implications for the developing baby in the uterus and throughout the personâ€℠¢s life. At birth there is extreme floppiness and subsequent cognitive, physical and behavioral abnormalities that eventually lead to widespread medical and social needs. Information on the disorder is got from parents whose children have ever developed it, or medical practitioners who have had such a case. The following are clinical features and signs of PWS at different levels of development: In utero, there is decrease in fetal movement, frequent abnormal fetal position and seldom excessive amniotic fluid, a condition known as polyhydramnios. At birth, there is often caesarian births, difficulties in feeding due to poor muscle tone affecting the sucking process, and respiratory difficulties. At infancy level, the difficulties in feeding advances, oversleeping is evident, crossed eyes and delay in intellectual development. At childhood there are notable delays in speech production, overeating from the age of 2-4 years leading to excessive weight gain and sleeping problems. At adol escence, puberty delays, obesity sets in followed by extreme flexibility and a short physique. In adulthood, infertility is common in males and females, vulnerability to diabetes mellitus, learning disabilities, obesity and reduced growth of pubic hair. The general physical appearance of a PWS adult victim comprise the following characteristics: incomplete sexual development, excess fat on the central part of the body, high, narrow forehead, small hands and feet, light skin and hair unlike other family members, and delayed motor development (Waters 85). Cognitively, PWS patients have low or below average intelligent quotient that is generally unusual. Children portray a high visual and perception capacity on reading and writing with poor articulatory and understanding processes. Coordinating received information word by word is relatively hard for them as well as poor arithmetic skills, leading to memory lapses and auditory retention span. Abnormal behavioral patterns include insati able appetite resulting in increased obesity. The cause for

Newly Industrialized Countries Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Newly Industrialized Countries - Essay Example According to the study the NICs face a challenge as to make their development sustainable they need to manage the process of development efficiently. They also need to combat poverty, preserve natural resources, and promote rural development. Not all decisions take by such NICs have proved to be right in the long run and the other developing countries have lessons to be learnt if they are seeking to grow faster. This paper highlights that countries can either opt to have an import-substitution strategy or export-oriented strategy. The first generation NICs included Spain, Portugal, Greece, Yugoslavia, Brazil and Mexico, Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore and Taiwan. These countries started to lose their comparative advantage as unskilled labor became scarce and wage rates started to rise. This implies that trade plays an important role in helping the developing countries to take off. Stiglitz suggests that trade liberalization must be balanced in agenda, process and outcome. Trade liberalization should concentrate not only in sectors that developed countries have comparative advantage, like financial services, but also in which the developing countries have special interest like agriculture and construction services. The developing countries have a disadvantage in participating in negotiations. Not having a representation in WTO serves as a disadvantage. Developing countries face greater vola tility and opening to trade contributes to that volatility. Developing nations have persistent problems of high unemployment. Trade liberalization is necessary but not sufficient to reap full benefits from integration into world economy. The costs of liberalization in developing nations are higher. Thus, the developing countries seeking to grow fast should ensure that they have a comprehensive approach in liberalizing trade.

Urban Legends Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Urban Legends - Essay Example The lady of the house heartily denied that she had anything to do with the camera being lost, claiming her husband slipped and tossed the camera in to the Loch of his own accord. The issue was still unresolved at press time. The local sheriff’s office along with the fire department has issued an advisory - be extremely careful of what is put down drains and garbage disposals, as increasing reports are coming in of alligators coming out of the sewers. â€Å"I was just walking along Main Street, and there†¦he†¦she†¦it†¦was†, gasped 89 year old lifelong resident Gladys Pichers. Ms. Pichers, a longtime member of the local community, claims that she saw a six-foot alligator crawl out of the sewers. The sheriff’s department, though they were reluctant at first, soon received three more telephone calls about the problem of the reptilian sewer infestation. One woman, who spoke on condition of anonymity, has told the Outcry that she was accosted by an 8-foot alligator across town. Whether both women saw the same alligator or not was unclear as of press time. It is also unclear as to whether or not the alligators were local residents to begin with, or have travelled many miles to join us in our local community. While camping in the forests surrounding Mt. Ranier in Washington State, a local high school student has sworn in a signed affidavit to have seen Bigfoot roaming around in the woods as well. â€Å"He was, um†¦tall,† the student recalled, when pressed for details on the subject. â€Å"And kinda hairy†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Further details will appear tonight on the six o’clock news, when the teen, along with his parents and his lawyer, as well as members of the sheriff’s department, will make a statement and reveal pictures that the teen took while on his expedition. No further searches are expected to take place from law enforcement for the ‘tall, kinda hairy’ Bigfoot. Phone

Newly Industrialized Countries Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Newly Industrialized Countries - Essay Example According to the study the NICs face a challenge as to make their development sustainable they need to manage the process of development efficiently. They also need to combat poverty, preserve natural resources, and promote rural development. Not all decisions take by such NICs have proved to be right in the long run and the other developing countries have lessons to be learnt if they are seeking to grow faster. This paper highlights that countries can either opt to have an import-substitution strategy or export-oriented strategy. The first generation NICs included Spain, Portugal, Greece, Yugoslavia, Brazil and Mexico, Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore and Taiwan. These countries started to lose their comparative advantage as unskilled labor became scarce and wage rates started to rise. This implies that trade plays an important role in helping the developing countries to take off. Stiglitz suggests that trade liberalization must be balanced in agenda, process and outcome. Trade liberalization should concentrate not only in sectors that developed countries have comparative advantage, like financial services, but also in which the developing countries have special interest like agriculture and construction services. The developing countries have a disadvantage in participating in negotiations. Not having a representation in WTO serves as a disadvantage. Developing countries face greater vola tility and opening to trade contributes to that volatility. Developing nations have persistent problems of high unemployment. Trade liberalization is necessary but not sufficient to reap full benefits from integration into world economy. The costs of liberalization in developing nations are higher. Thus, the developing countries seeking to grow fast should ensure that they have a comprehensive approach in liberalizing trade.

Lending Decision Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Lending Decision - Case Study Example It has tremendous staying power. But it is time to change. It has to take a good look at how others in the same field are doing business and catch up with them. There is nothing wrong in the figures. The figures are only representative of the facts. Past performance of Coles is not going to help its future prospects unless the causes of the dismal figures are rectified. The company's accounts department is doing its job well. Problem is somewhere in the communications system and customer relations policies. Not enough seems to be happening to attract better customer base. Painting rosy pictures year after year cannot be a solution. The company must look lean and handsome in the sight of its patrons. Good advertisements, sponsorship of popular events, forays into new areas of business or expansion of good, existing ones must seen to be happening every now and then to build customers and investors confidence. Make a list of large potential customers like hotels, restaurants and other eating joints. Marketing strategies must go hand in hand with understanding and catering to the needs of individual as well as corporate clients. Concentrate on products that yield better profit margin location-wise. Product A may rake in higher profit margin in one location, whereas Product B may show similar margin in another location.

How sympathetic a character Essay Example for Free

How sympathetic a character Essay Upon reading Aristophanes Wasps for the first time, Procleon, the antihero of the play, evokes a strange sort of sympathy. The part of us that wants to rebel against the system identifies with his character, and admires the way in which, in the second half of the play, he does what the man in the street would really like to do (K Dover) and generally places himself above authority. Aristophanes loads Procleons character with vulgarity and nastiness, but does it in such a way that an audience seeing the play for the first time will focus on sympathizing with him as the `heroic character more than his deep-seated and twisted darker side. For instance, in the first scene we see Procleon trapped inside his own home, treated not like a villain or monster, but a mentally ill obsessive, or trialophile. The more you warn him, the more he goes to court. Thats why weve had to bolt him in and guard the house for fear he gets out. The way the two slaves describe Procleons personality is quite comic. They describe him as a sad old man. He then tries to escape later on by holding on to the bottom of a donkey as it comes out of the house, in a parody of Odysseus in Homers Odyssey. On one hand, we find his wit amusing, and he tries to mirror the cunning of Odysseus, and on the other hand we laughingly pity him for trying such an idea, especially onstage as it looks absurd. Aristophanes is poking fun at the latest trend in Athenian society in the ridiculous person of Procleon. However, Athenian litigiousness and trial mania are not his only target. In his conversion from his former jurymans life, Procleon becomes a caricature of an upper-class snob engaging in one of the well-heeled sets favourite addictions: dressing up in your finery, attending drinking parties and meetings of secret societies and going on drunken rampages through the streets, beating up passers by, knocking over statues, mauling slaves and women, etc. By the end of the play, its hard to tell whether Procleon is ny better off for having traded a poor mans pastime for a rich mans. In the first half of the play, we  see Procleon as a bloodthirsty bastard, a sadistic slave to Cleon whose only friends are the similarly savage, vespine jurymen. Just seeing this feeble army of nasty old men, we find immediate comedy. On the surface, nothing about Procleon seems too bad, just a rather crazed old man with a strange obsession. He enjoys voting defendants down: he is comically sadistic. D. MacDowell However, when we look deeper into the play and Procleons character, we see that there is a far darker and more sinister side to him. First of all, there is the fact that the only reason he enjoys sitting on the jury so much is so that he can wreak pain and suffering upon innocent people. I long to come to court with you, some solid, lasting harm to do. There is also the way in which he treats his daughter, in a rather incestuous manner. she leans over to give me a kiss and fish out those three obols with her tongue! spends his days in the infliction of pain on others and his evenings in running his hand up his daughters skirt. K Dover.

Henry Moore at the Tate Britain | Summary

Henry Moore at the Tate Britain | Summary Tate Britain is one of the main galleries within London along with Tate modern, which is showing the works of the late Henry Moore (1898-1986), one of the worlds most famous pre-eminent sculptors of the 20th century along with Alberto Giacometti (1901-1966) who is best known by his broad beamed, monumental reclining females. By the first half of the twentieth century there were also Henri Gaudier-Brzeska, Jacob Epstein, and Barbara Hepworth. Which Moore met in 1921 as a fellow student? The Guardian The most important exhibition of Moores work for a generation As you approach the Tate Britain you are confronted with large Henry Moore banners hanging from four white poles on the Manton entrance gallery forecourt, just before you walk down the ramp and steps to the entrance. This makes it easy access for those who are disabled or have wheel chairs. Once inside the entrance youre confronted with a large open visitors and information area, to the right is the gallery shop and to the left is the gallery to the Henry Moore exhibition. This is clearly marked with posters and large wall boards behind the counters, where the tickets are bought. The ticket comes with a map of the whole gallery floor plans, which shows all the rooms throughout the Tate Britain. The whole gallery holds a wide variety of works from famous artists within the 15th to 21st century covering all aspects of British art, history and society. For the Moore exhibition viewers they are also given a fold out leaflet on Henry Moores work within the exhibition giving you a breakdow n of the movements and themes around the time of his works pieces. Viewers are now ready to see the work of the man they read in history books, on websites and within universities to colleges. When entering the first room viewers are greeted with a semi dark atmosphere with a reddish burgundy wall blended with cream walls. These colours make the room feel warm with relaxing surroundings for the sculptures that are positioned on their white plinths. Several pieces were also displayed in clear cases. There where images on the walls and four stone figure masks, also large reclining figures and images of people lying or sleeping in dark scary tunnels in war time. With each displaying piece there was an information plaque. Each piece had a number of individual spot lights pointing to them from the ceilings, which set the pieces off well giving each peace its own individuality. The Daily Telegraph We see a different Moore from the one most of us know In 1901 Moore studied one of the old masters from the 15th to 18th century. The great Michelangelo, this is when Moore first became interested in sculpture. By this time of his life Moore was constantly visiting the British museum. Here he encountered that pre-modern art. Also at this time of his life he came across the author, roger frys, book of vision and design. Like fry Moore soon believed that primitive art did convey a possessed intense vitality. When the first publication was printed in December of 1920, which Moore soon read? Here is when Moore first started becoming interested in the primitive art form and the processes. In 1922 Moore begin his first carvings in wood and stones.he particuly love english stones. Around this time moore carved his his first mother and child piece. You can clearly recognize the primitive side to Moores first sculpture pieces within the first gallery rooms. These works fall under the time when modernism was really being challenged. Even Moore hi mself began to challenge the modernism style. You can clearly see this within Moores later years. Each sculpture is positioned so the viewers can study the whole piece from every angel. while walking around them. So with each individual piece u can see how the light reflects off the shapes. which Moore clearly intended to show when positioned out side. This is what makes it easier to understand each piece individually with in the gallery space. When the viewer first walks in to the gallery there is a write up printed on each and every room entrance. You will also notice there are sculptures relating to the mother and child in each room too. The first rooms fall under the time of modernism the next room is the mother and child room then you move on to moores post war peices. Along with Up to here Within this essay I have been looking at the Henry Moore Exhibition at the Tate Britain in London. As explained in the introduction to the exhibition, this focuses on Moores career from the 1920s to the 1960s. This solo exhibition has been widely publicized and praised as these newspapers and quotes show. The Guardian The most important exhibition of Moores work for a generation All the grand claims about archetypes, about humanity essentialised in beautiful organic forms: all are justified by the drawings of sleepers, and the rarely shown images of miners at the coal-face. Moore finds form, in all respects it seems, in draughtsman ship rather than sculpture. Comfortable, passive, smooth, polite: the subject can be as dramatic as a mortally wounded man, as monstrous as a lopped and bloated corpse, and still the sculptures lack singularity and power. What strikes most is their family resemblance, their Mooreishness, their steady continuation down the long decades of his career. It is almost half a century since Herbert Read described them as forms that are vital to the life of mankind, as if we could scarcely survive without them. The world has changed, but the art has not. I cannot believe we were looking at the same sculptures The guardian Talks about how moors works are viewed in the twenty-first century. I think there being a little bit harsh and over critical with his creations and ideas for his sculptures and his works on paper. These where created in the nineteenth century and the views on the works are not the same. The work should be viewed on the ideas of Moore craftsmanship with stone and the desire to the figurative form with the illusion of light and dark and the working with shadows to express the forms. When positioned in the outside environment which plays a big part to observing his pieces with in a natural world. So how can you really see the full potential of moors work when placed within the Tate Britain gallery halls? The Daily Telegraph We see a different Moore from the one most of us know Moore was unlucky in that the years after his death in 1986 were a period of tremendous innovation in British sculpture. As the careers of Tony Cragg, Richard Deacon, and Anish Kapoor hit their stride, it was hard to look at Moores work with a sense of discovery and excitement. Almost a quarter of a century on, we are far enough away to see it in perspective. It no longer looks passà ©, but eternal How was Moore so unlucky after his death? He has succeeded in many ways his work shows how his life was and the forms of his figure sculptures tell a story of desire and passion. he had while working in various stones, even his paper and ink drawings shows a time of desperations in the world of war. People sleeping in the tunnels to survive another day scared wondering if there was going to be a tomorrow. His figure drawing drawn with various mediums from ink and chalk and different washes looking mainly at the form consisted with natural light. Moore was not unlucky as the papers says his work is on show even to this day celebrating his career and life with in the Tate Britain walls yes his figures may be similar to one another in a dimensional way but his craftsmanship and his relation to explore the use of stone is what is important here and the timeline when sculpture artists where still really discovering them selfs in the world of art. As during the time of the 1930s the directions of Nicholson and Hepworths work looked so similar. Even in painting and sculpture they were developing there own vocabulary of pure, simplified forms, along with sculpturer Henry Moore and other artists such as? the leading European practitioners of the new abstract art Naum Gabo, Piet Mondrian, Constantin Brancusi and Jean Arp. For these artists abstraction and the concern with pure forms had a democratic, utopian social aspect and a universal character that could transcend national differences. This vision stood in stark contrast to the rise of fascism, with its emphasis on racial identity and literal, propagandistic art. The Metro Theres Moore to him than you think The big interview: Henry Moore For some, seeing a Henry Moore sculpture indoors is like watching a wild animal in captivity. We are accustomed to viewing his work on display in provincial towns, surrounded by acres of green space, so the prospect of finding more than 150 pieces cooped up under artificial light seems unnatural. However, for this first major London retrospective of the sculptors work since his death in 1986, a darker interior setting should prove entirely fitting? Tate Britain aims to show that, far from being the cosy father figure of 20th-century sculpture, Moore was in fact a more responsive and innovative artist than many give him credit for. Moore is familiar and still so popular yet theres a sense that his critical reputation isnt what it might be, partly because of that familiarity. Says curator Chris Stephens. The language used in the publicity was aimed at a wide range of public audience to attract the general public. There were large flags outside the gallery entrance and posters on the walls within the reception area to publicize the exhibition. The culture show dedicated an hour show programme to the artist, which also included a discussion from the exhibition curator, Chris Stevens. As the publicity includes news clips, national papers and large scale publicity at the gallery these all combine to show the importance of this solo exhibition.

Biblical and Mythological Allusions in Moby Dick :: Moby Dick Essays

An allusion is a reference to a well-known person, place, event, literary work, or work of art.    Writers often use biblical and mythological allusions to which their readers are familiar.   In Moby Dick, Herman Melville frequently uses biblical and mythological allusions.   With these allusions the reader begins to understand the topic of discussion and is also exposed to the wisdom and knowledge Melville possess.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The first allusion appears in the first line of the novel.   â€Å"Call me Ishmael.† (Melville1).   Ishmael was the biblical son of Abraham and his servant Hagar.   He was disowned in favor of Isaac, Abraham’s son with his wife Sarah.   An angel prophesied to Hagar.   â€Å"his hand shall be against every man, and every man’s hand against him.† (Genesis 16:12).   The name â€Å"Ishmael† has since become used commonly for an outcast, which is appropriate since he is inexperienced when it comes to whaling and is viewed as AN outcast to the other sailors upon the Pequod.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another biblical allusion is of the prophet Elijah and Captain Ahab.   Elijah WARNS Queequeg and Ishmael of Ahab.   Ishmael says he and Queequeg ARE boarding the Pequod because they have just â€Å"signed the articles† (Melville 68) and Elijah responds â€Å"Anything down there about your souls† (Melville 68).   This conflict between Elijah and Ahab goes all the way back to the bible.   I Kings describes the conflict between King Ahab and his wife Jezebel.   Elijah tells Ahab that â€Å"in the place where dogs licked the blood of Naboth shall dogs lick they blood, even thine,† (I Kings 21:19), and that â€Å"the dogs shall eat Jezebel by the wall of Jezrell† (I Kings 21:23).   This allusion is significant for foreshadowing the destruction of the Pequod.   In Moby Dick the characters names are not so different than names in the Bible and neither is the outcome of those characters so different.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Melville not only used a number of biblical allusions in Moby Dick, but he also used many mythological allusions.   He used Greek mythology in describing the tattooing on the Queequeg.   â€Å"The counterpane of the patchwork, full of odd little parti-colored squares and triangles, and this arm of his tattooed all over with an interminable Cretan labyrinth of a figure† (Melvine 19).   The Cretan labyrinth was the maze, which imprisoned the half-bull, half-human Minotaur.   This adds immensely to the visual imagery of Queequeg.   Being able to imagine this large, black harpoon with a   â€Å"Cretan labyrinth of a figure† (Melville 19) the reader has a more appealing and specific picture of him. Biblical and Mythological Allusions in Moby Dick :: Moby Dick Essays An allusion is a reference to a well-known person, place, event, literary work, or work of art.    Writers often use biblical and mythological allusions to which their readers are familiar.   In Moby Dick, Herman Melville frequently uses biblical and mythological allusions.   With these allusions the reader begins to understand the topic of discussion and is also exposed to the wisdom and knowledge Melville possess.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The first allusion appears in the first line of the novel.   â€Å"Call me Ishmael.† (Melville1).   Ishmael was the biblical son of Abraham and his servant Hagar.   He was disowned in favor of Isaac, Abraham’s son with his wife Sarah.   An angel prophesied to Hagar.   â€Å"his hand shall be against every man, and every man’s hand against him.† (Genesis 16:12).   The name â€Å"Ishmael† has since become used commonly for an outcast, which is appropriate since he is inexperienced when it comes to whaling and is viewed as AN outcast to the other sailors upon the Pequod.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another biblical allusion is of the prophet Elijah and Captain Ahab.   Elijah WARNS Queequeg and Ishmael of Ahab.   Ishmael says he and Queequeg ARE boarding the Pequod because they have just â€Å"signed the articles† (Melville 68) and Elijah responds â€Å"Anything down there about your souls† (Melville 68).   This conflict between Elijah and Ahab goes all the way back to the bible.   I Kings describes the conflict between King Ahab and his wife Jezebel.   Elijah tells Ahab that â€Å"in the place where dogs licked the blood of Naboth shall dogs lick they blood, even thine,† (I Kings 21:19), and that â€Å"the dogs shall eat Jezebel by the wall of Jezrell† (I Kings 21:23).   This allusion is significant for foreshadowing the destruction of the Pequod.   In Moby Dick the characters names are not so different than names in the Bible and neither is the outcome of those characters so different.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Melville not only used a number of biblical allusions in Moby Dick, but he also used many mythological allusions.   He used Greek mythology in describing the tattooing on the Queequeg.   â€Å"The counterpane of the patchwork, full of odd little parti-colored squares and triangles, and this arm of his tattooed all over with an interminable Cretan labyrinth of a figure† (Melvine 19).   The Cretan labyrinth was the maze, which imprisoned the half-bull, half-human Minotaur.   This adds immensely to the visual imagery of Queequeg.   Being able to imagine this large, black harpoon with a   â€Å"Cretan labyrinth of a figure† (Melville 19) the reader has a more appealing and specific picture of him.

Cellular Manufacturing System

What is Lean? Running an operation lean means: Removal of waste of all kinds (e. g. time, motion, inventory, poor cost of quality, etc. ) An organization that stimulates productivity and quality An organization using value-added processes Low Quality = High Waste High Quality = Low Waste and Higher Value There are several ways to be Lean— TQM Six Sigma SMED (Single Minute Exchange of Die) PM/TPM (Preventive Maintenance/Total Preventive Maintenance) JIT (Just In Time) Continuous Improvement/Kaizen And Many More†¦CELLULAR MANUFACTURING: MANUFACTURING A Lean Manufacturing Concept Cellular Manufacturing One of these lean practices, cellular manufacturing, is based on a group of different processes located in close proximity to manufacture a group of similar products. The primary purpose of cellular manufacturing is to reduce cycle time and inventories to meet market response times. Some of the other benefits include: Space Reduction Quality Improvement Labor Cost Reduction Im proved Machine Utilization Where would you begin? First, you would define the cell you plan to create.Criteria required for defining the cell would be based on: Processes Required Part Numbers & Attributes (size, shape, raw materials required) Market segments/customers Degree of Automation By Jay P. Patel, Principle Consultant, Quality & Productivity Solutions, Inc. Copyright ©2000 by Jay Patel Cellular manufacturing is an application of the group technology concepts for factory reconfiguration and shop floor layout design. A part family can be parts similar in size or parts created using similar manufacturing steps.Typically, a cell is dedicated to a single part family. Cellular manufacturing does have some important human resource issues to consider: Operators must be trained properly to perform tasks including inspection and simple maintenance Cross functional training is critical since operators perform a variety of tasks and move between workstations and cells as the need ari ses Operators should be trained on Team Building Supervisors become Coaches. Cell teams require only guidance. Supervisors facilitate, assist nd guide the overall effort. Compensation issues: Cell employees usually receive the higher pay because they are better qualified to do multiple tasks. We recommend implementation of an incentive program that provides incentives on the basis of results and incremental improvements. Management may be concerned that there will be resistance from employees when the result is actually opposite. Typically, any initial resistance disappears once employees understand the win-win situation at hand.Cells need support from several functions including product engineering, material management, manufacturing engineering, QC/QA, maintenance and management. It is vital to implementation success that this support is committed, visible and consistent. Team Selection Most crucial to the implementation of cellular manufacturing is team selection. To help determi ne who is best to include in your team, identify the skills required for each step by creating a Process Map. Clarify the roles and responsibilities of the roles you need filled.Once the skills are identified, determine the potential team members. Explain to potential members what the nature of the task is and get a feel for their interest. What will you look for in your team members? Understanding the importance of selecting the right team cannot be overemphasized. Both objective and technical criteria should be established, including skills in: teamwork interpersonal skills leadership skills change adaptation positive thinking Develop a checklist for selecting these members based on the needs of the cell.This can also be used in setting goals for those who wish to grow in their own skill sets. 2 From here you will need to do some negotiating. You will need to meet with affected Supervisors to discuss: Overall priority Current structure and plans Current authorities and relative po wer of team leaders Potential team members and the support they will need Negotiate to acquire members best suited for the team. Renegotiate as necessary with the help of management and a detailed implementation plan. Skill Matrices Match skills to tasks.Create a matrix to define who is best qualified to perform specific tasks. This will be the document used for contracting your team to the project: aiding in obtaining commitment as well as communicating responsibilities and expectations. Determine what training is needed and implement a training plan. Make sure communication lines are established, open and well used. The success of the program is contingent on the team dynamic and the goals set. Communication is key—learn to listen and help others to do the same. What are the communication channels and links? Who provides and who expects what?Can the team members accomplish the tasks assigned? Team Management Develop trust and provide the team a reason to be motivated. Learn to manage team morale and create a system to encourage teamwork. Make your team an example of how successful teams cause great things to happen. Start with a pilot cell—be sure the product family chosen has the most potential for success. Stockpile if possible to provide an alternate source during implementation. When changes are necessary, communicate the reason for these changes in order to gain acceptance and understanding from your team.Be confident in implementation. Designing the Cell Cell design should be based on your project needs. Keep in mind the following when designing the cell: product life cycle continuous, flowing work through the cell proper allocation of resources for gauging and tooling aggressive update of equipment and processes cell development is evolutionary and always in a state of flux challenges in facility changes due to structure and age Involve your team and their knowledge in the construction of the cell.Understanding throughput is essential to cell development—do not underestimate the contribution and acceptance of the team once the concept is understood. Ultimately, the logistics and cell construction is only a small part of the battle. Creating a culture where a team can flourish is the hard part. This task requires a true leader. Can you meet the challenge? -JPP 3

Analysis on America’s Ice Age video

â€Å"America's Ice Age† video taught me a lot of things I would not even begin to think about. I would never think that ice helped shape the continents, let alone the world. It also taught me that many of our Earth's past history Is found In deferent forms of core taken from the Earth over years and years. I am simply amused by how these clients and geologist examine rocks, landscape, cores, Ice, air pockets Inside of cores, and temperatures to peel back the layers of our past history here on Earth.When watching the last video, â€Å"Chasing Ice,† I got to see more of an explore side of Ice. With watching â€Å"America's Ice Age† I get to see more of the scientific side of things. How scientist can look at Ice with mysterious marks and see evidence of past floods, or how they can look at mysterious markings In rocks and see the movement and deletion of a past iceberg Is Incredible. It makes you think what every day ordinary people like myself, overlook.I will sa y since I have started this class I look at the trees, the sky, and landscape of my own community differently. I constantly find myself thinking of the unbelievable way our world was formed. I might not completely and Lully understand it all yet, but it is definitely pulling my mind and thoughts in a different direction. It is almost unbelievable that ice had more impact on our Earth's shape and the shape of our continents more than anything. But after watching this video, it all starts to make sense.The overbearing power of the icebergs shifting across the world, moving rocks, and the melting that at some point covered land, separating continents, and eventually shaping our world was something I would never think to of happened. Some of these icebergs and glaciers that distorted the shape of the Earth ere calculated to weigh almost 68,000 trillion ton. Just imagine how heavy and powerful that is. This ice then making up our oceans, lakes, and rivers is all new information to me, an d astonishing new information to say the least.So far, from all the video, reading, and class discussions I am beginning to feel more and more confident when talking about science and geology. My husband Is the smartest and most knowledgeable person I have ever meet. He seriously knows everything,(not that I would ever admit that to him) but to be able to tell him facts on owe our Earths was made and formed, Information that he had never known, just brings a whole new confident person out of me.Like Eve said In previous reflection papers, I have never been able to grasp science and geology but this class Is gang me hope that I can finally understand the power of our Earth. Analysis on America's Ice Age video By Sedation It also taught me that many of our Earth's past history is found in different forms of scientist and geologist examine rocks, landscape, cores, ice, air pockets inside of ice. With watching â€Å"America's Ice Age† I get to see more of the scientific side of t hings.How scientist can look at ice with mysterious marks and see evidence of past floods, or how they can look at mysterious markings in rocks and see the movement and direction of a past iceberg is incredible. It makes you think what every day ordinary more and more confident when talking about science and geology. My husband is the how our Earths was made and formed, information that he had never known, Just brings a whole new confident person out of me. Like Eve said in previous reflection papers, I have never been able to grasp science and geology but this class is giving

E.J. Computers Case Essay

Introduction The company I am going to be doing my project on is a small firm named E.J Computers. The company have been around for about a year and a half now and have 3 staff. It’s run from a small shop, which they have just recently moved to and they are slowly expanding. Therefore I am going to introduce an Access database to help make the job of keeping the accounts work easier. Statement of problem The problem at the moment is that the company is currently using a paper-based way of doing their accounts. This way is still quite common, but it makes more work for the end-user, as he usually has to go rummaging through bits of paper and filing cabinets etc. Also a problem with doing it this way is that bits of paper etc could go missing and the data would be lost. Its slower, takes up more room and looks unprofessional. I am going to be creating a database for a computer store that sells various things, from computer parts and accessories to fully working systems. The database will consist of many tables, including ones for customer details, products, delivery etc. I will be making the database a relational database so that the tables will interact and it will make it much more easier for the end user to be able to do or get to what they want. A computer database will be a lot safer to keep the records on. If they desire the end user could use some form of data protection so that he viewing of the records are not accessible for anybody (by either pass wording it etc). This way is a lot faster, less hassle, takes up less space and I think it looks more professional. So I am going to be creating a database, which will meet all of these needs. My initial idea is to create a database consisting of 4 tables, one for the customer details, one for the components, one for the ready built computer systems, and one for the orders. Results from questionnaire I wrote a questionnaire, and took it to my end user so that he could fill it in. I got it back, and now I can use the information that he provided to enable me to design my database to suit his needs. Basically he has the appropriate equipment that is required for him to be able to use the database and he also has the knowledge. From the feedback that I got, he basically has left me to my own device on the formatting side, which is good because I can use my imagination a bit and hopefully make a good design. The end user has also said that he would also like a password on the database for data protection. This ensures that the confidential data of his customers remains confidential. He also said that he would like his database to consist of 4 tables, one for customer details, two for product details, and one for order details etc. Information about end user’s computer Fortunately, the end user already has a suitable computer system to enable him to use the database. The current system is an AMD Athlon 1500+ 512mb DDR pc2700 RAM, 40GB HDD, 40x CD re-writer, 3 1/2 † Floppy disk, 17†³ CRT Monitor. He also has sufficient software, which is a bonus. Is current operating system is Windows XP professional and he also has office 2000. Description of the previous system Input of the previous system At the moment the whole system is paper based. If a customer purchases an item, their details are written down on a little white card, this includes their name, address, telephone number etc and then it is stored into a filing case. Eddie then has to write out a receipt by hand and issue it to the customer. If a customer requires delivery, there is an extra fee for postage and packaging and their information gets put into a separate file where at the end of the day it will be processed. Process of the previous system After the information is collected it is left. Hey don’t use it for anything else like advertising or sending special offers. It is just stored in a cupboard and every time a customer phones up or comes into the store and purchases a product it is taken back out and another card is filled in. Output of the previous system Again, the information is not used for output at all, the do not send special offers or print receipts. The receipts are all manually drawn up and written out. All products are paid for up front; no credit is given so there are no fines and no need to use the data for output. Method used for the previous system Data Flow Diagram of the previous system Problems with previous System Main problems with the previous system Problem Solution Time consuming Database will be easy and quick to access and use. Storage All data will be stored on the computer and will be easily accessible and found. Untidy work area Database will be on a computer, which will be neatly stored on the desk. Untidy work All work will be word-processed, therefore the data will all be neat and easy to read. Unsafe Data The database will be pass worded so that no unauthorised access will be possible Requirements of the new system Objectives of the new system Using access 2000 I will be creating a database for the company, this will make the system a lot better for my end user. To enable me to get an idea if what my end user actually wants he has filled in a questionnaire for me. This should help me understand fully what the end-user wants. My database will consist of four tables, each table representing different parts of the company. The first table will be a table for the customer’s details, it will store the details of every customer that comes into the shop and purchases an item. It will store their name, address, telephone number and each one will have their own unique customer ID number. This information can then be used for any marketing schemes that my end-user comes up with and the data will be handy at all times. My second table will contain information about the components that are available for the customers to purchase. It will consist of a list of the products that the shop has on sale and the type of that product. It will have the price, the amount that the business has in stock and a short description. The third table will consist of a list of pre-built fully working systems that are on sale; it will have a field for system ID, the price, number in stock, and a specification of each computer system. I will then have a fourth table consisting of information of the orders that have been placed, it will have the customers ID, the ID of the product that they have ordered, how much it will cost, and whether or not it need to be delivered. How the objectives will be fulfilled Description of the new system Input of the new system As I said above I will be putting the customer and product information details into the database using a mouse and a keyboard. I will be using a mouse to select to appropriate options and applications. I will also be using a VDU so I can actually see the information that I will be putting into the system. Process of the new system The process of the system is going to be pretty simple, I spoke with my end-use and we decided that I will make queries and sorts for the tables so that the information is easier to find and get hold of. We decided that it would be a good idea if I also include a mail merged letter so that things do not have to be written time after time. Output of the new system My end user has out the point across, that the output of the system is not really as vital as the input. The main purpose of creating this database is so that the details are stored safely on the computer. However a printer will probably be needed for the purpose of printing out records, and letters etc. This is not a permanent thing and maybe things will change later but for now this would be the only output. Performance criteria and limitations of the proposed system Qualitative My database solution will enable the end user to be able to sort the customers surnames into alphabetical so that it makes it easier for the end user to be able to find a customers records. My end user will also be able to sort the prices of everything that he sells into price order (for example cheapest to most expensive). This will make it easier for the end user, so that if he gets a customer asking about certain products that are on sale he can easily do a quick sort and be able to tell the customer. Quantitative With the solution I have made my end-user will be able to find the following: * Begin using the database within 30 seconds of opening it. * Find a customer using name or ID within 15 seconds. * Find a certain product with information within 20 seconds. * Find out if there re any deliveries that need to be made within 20 seconds. System flow chart Software and Hardware considerations Hardware The hardware that I will be using to create my database is as follows: Computer system: 1.0Gghz Celeron Processor 256mb SD RAM 20gb HDD Internal AGP SiS 8.0mb GFX card 15†³ Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) monitor – Sufficient size display so I can easily see what I am doing. Keyboard – Standard RM keyboard enabling me to get the job done. Mouse – 3 button Key Mouse to make selecting options easier. Laser Printer – Printout copies of the work I am doing to take to my end-user to make sure it suits his needs accordingly. Some of my project will have to be completed at home in my own time on my own computer; my own computer consists of: AMD Athlon XP 1700+ 768mb DDR PC2700 RAM 40gb HDD NVIDIA Geforce4Ti 4800 SE Creative Sound Blaster 5.1 Microsoft Intellimouse Explorer 3.0 Optical (USB) Logitech Internet Navigator(tm) Keyboard Special Edition – Black Software The software that I will be using to create my database is as follows: Microsoft Windows 98 SE Operating System Microsoft Windows NT Network Microsoft Office 2000: Word Access – Mainly using access because it enables me to perform complex searches, have a splash screen and create an advanced database system. Excel FrontPage Outlook The software that I have on my computer at home, which will allow me to be able to design the database, is: Microsoft windows XP professional corporate edition Microsoft Office XP: Word Access Excel FrontPage Outlook Data security of the new system Use of passwords I am going to be using a password for my database, as my end user has requested it. My end – user will need a password, to ensure customer confidentiality. The password will be a word requested by the end user and only he and his staff will have access to the password and therefore the database. I have suggested that my end user should change his password on a regular basis, to ensure that if the password is found out it will get changed again. This makes the whole system more secure. Also, to make sure that the system does not get infected by viruses I have also suggested that the end – user invest in some form of anti – virus software. The software I have suggested is Norton Anti – Virus 2003 but it is down to the end – users discretion whether or not he goes ahead with it. Differences and similarities between the current system and the proposed ICT solution Similarities There are not many similarities between the two systems, as the general idea was to change the system to make it a lot better. However there is one similarity between the two systems, the same information is entered into the database as is entered onto cards. This is only a small similarity, as the whole process is completely different now. Specification – Design Possible solutions There were a few other possible solutions to my end-users problem; I came up with a number of alternatives but the database solution just seemed to stand out as being the best. The other solutions that I came up with which were taken into consideration by my end-user were as follows: * Swap the cards for sheets of paper, which could be stored in folder or filing cabinet. We decided that this would not be such a could idea, because its not really much of an improvement and my end-user needs a big improvement. * A spreadsheet using Microsoft Excel. We also decided against because is not a very efficient programme for the type of thing my end-user wants. You cannot perform clear searches or have different tables etc. * A table using Microsoft word. Again, we decided not to use word plainly because this programme is too simple and basic. It does not really include many advanced features like searches and the information cannot be stored neatly, which makes the information difficult to access. Reasons and justifications for final choice of software and hardware We eventually decided to go with the database using Microsoft Access, because overall we thought it was the best piece of software to use. A few of the reasons why we chose Microsoft Access are: * You can perform searches and queries * Data is easily accessed * Modern * You can create tables which are linked together * Create mail merged letters * Password In my hardware section I have already specified what I will be using for hardware. This specification of hardware is suitable for me to create the database because it offers enough speed and memory (both virtual and physical) to enable to be able to work efficiently. This is because the bigger the processor the bigger amount of RAM, all makes the computer a lot faster. Outputs required by the end user The outputs that are required by my end-user are: * Invoices – So that the customer has a proof of purchases. * Splash Screen – This is to improve the presentation of the database and to put information about the creator on. * Reports – To enable the end user to print out hard copies of queries etc * Mail-merged letters – So that the end user can automatically contact customers. Inputs and stored data needed to create the outputs Output What is required? Invoices Customer information, product information and details of purchase (date etc) Splash Screen My 1337 skillz Reports Results from queries from all 4 of my tables will be shown to make the reports, which will then be printed off so that the user has a hard copy Mail merged Letters Customer’s details, which can be automatically accessed. Processes that are required to produce the required outputs Knowledge and ability to use advanced package features Relationships The database that I will be creating will be a â€Å"many-to-many†. I will be in the form of first form normalisation. I will have four different tables, each having its own primary key that will be referentially integrated to a linking table, to make sure all the tables stay up to date.